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- NATION, Page 28Taps for Old Bases
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- Despite protests, the Pentagon plan may not cost many jobs
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- At the first early warnings last October that the Pentagon
- might shut down a number of obsolete military bases,
- communities across the U.S. launched pre-emptive strikes against
- the plan. The issue had less to do with military utility than
- with economic survival. In areas where the local economy depends
- on the payrolls of soldiers and civilian employees, citizens
- and public officials pleaded with Washington to spare their
- installations from extinction.
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- Despite the anticipatory howls, the Defense Secretary's
- Commission on Base Realignment and Closure last week
- recommended 86 military bases for termination within the next
- six years. The Pentagon figures that shutting them down, while
- partially closing five more and realigning 54 others, will save
- $693.6 million a year. In the short run, the closings will
- result in the elimination of 24,000 civilian jobs. But Les
- Aspin, chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, estimates
- there ultimately will be a net loss of only 8,000 nonmilitary
- positions.
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- Though they included such historic military sites as New
- Jersey's Fort Dix, there is no question that the bases on the
- commission's roll call had outlived their strategic purposes.
- San Francisco's Presidio army base, for example, was once a
- crucial Pacific outpost where officers were trained during World
- War I. Today the Presidio, with its tree-shaded trails and
- historic architecture, is a popular tourist destination.
- Illinois' Fort Sheridan processed 500,000 soldiers during World
- War II. These days, the base is most famous for a lush golf
- course.
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- While Congress recognized the need for the closings,
- lawmakers were gun-shy about the protests they were certain to
- provoke. So the legislators found a way to face the issue
- without having to make the painful choices themselves: they
- passed a bill endorsing the creation of a twelve-man bipartisan
- commission that would decide on the sites for closure. The
- commission submitted its recommendations to Defense Secretary
- Frank Carlucci last week; both he and the Joint Chiefs of Staff
- were reportedly prepared to approve them. The list will next go
- to Congress where it must be considered on a take-it-or-leave-it
- basis. Hence, lawmakers from affected communities can blame the
- closures on the commission.
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- Despite all the hand wringing, base closings often do less
- harm than good to a community. A Pentagon study found that among
- 100 base closings between 1961 and 1986, civilians lost 93,424
- jobs but gained 138,138 new ones when the installations were
- turned to other uses. Communities across the country have found
- imaginative ways to transform the old bases. Forty-two former
- Pentagon airfields have become local airports. When the
- government closed Kincheloe Air Force Base near Sault Ste.
- Marie, Mich., eleven years ago, 700 civilian jobs vanished and
- the surrounding community in the Upper Peninsula lost 33% of its
- population. Today an industrial park at the old base site
- provides work to four times as many civilians as Kincheloe
- employed. Success stories like these give credence to the view
- of Republican Congressman Dick Armey who authored the
- legislation on installation shutdowns: "There is indeed life
- after base closings."
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